Understanding Benzodiazepine Dependency and Tolerance
Abuse of benzodiazepines is usually defined as using the drug to obtain a non-therapeutic effect. When benzodiazepines are taken for long periods, a person may become physically and psychologically dependent on the drug. It is also common for people taking benzodiazepines long-term to develop tolerance. This means the drug no longer has the desired effect. This encourages a person to increase their dosage in order to achieve the therapeutic effect they are used to. Benzodiazepine dependence is usually characterized by a number of symptoms that occur should the person suddenly stop taking the drug. Symptoms of physical dependence include anxiety, diarrhea, muscle cramps, and tremors. Psychological dependence is usually illustrated by a person’s complete preoccupation with taking benzodiazepines. They may appear obsessed with ensuring they take the drug regularly, at the cost of other activities in their life losing importance. Some users may not realize they have a dependency on benzodiazepines, while others may be too afraid to admit they may need help.
Effects/Side Effects
The benzodiazepine high has been described as experiencing an intense feeling of euphoria. It is also common for people to experience short-term effects such as increased self-confidence, becoming more talkative, and general feelings of enhanced happiness. Benzodiazepines are also likely to reduce a person’s anxiety, making them feel worry-free and much calmer than usual. As with most highs, users of benzodiazepines will experience a comedown. Feelings of depression, anxiety, and general agitation are not uncommon when coming down from benzodiazepines. The person may also experience uncomfortable physical symptoms such as stomach cramps and headaches. It is this comedown that often encourages a person to continue taking benzodiazepines.
Withdrawal and Detoxification
Withdrawal from benzodiazepines can cause a person to experience a range of different symptoms. The most common withdrawal effects include anxiety and insomnia. A person is likely to experience more intense symptoms if they abruptly stop taking the medication. Physical withdrawal symptoms can range from stomach and muscle cramps, diarrhea, tremors, and fever to a general feeling of being unwell. Depending on the severity of the addiction, these symptoms can last from three to 10 days. Psychological withdrawal symptoms usually last much longer and include anxiety attacks, irrational and angry outbursts, depression, and lack of sleep. Ideally, a person should consult their doctor for information on a detoxification program. Attending an official rehab center will increase a person’s chances of successfully overcoming their drug addiction.